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Section |
What to Study |
 1 |
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 2
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- The difference between Civil Rights and Civil Liberties.
- Civil Liberties are natural rights, from
nature and creation:
- Freedom of speech, religion, press,
assembly.
- Civil Rights are rights provided by
government:
- voting, trial by jury, right to counsel, right
to due process.
- The 14th Amendment: states can't deny "equal
protection of the laws." (Known as the Equal Protection
Clause.)
- But Plessy v. Ferguson allowed states
to continue to discriminate.
- INCORPORATION. The process that allowed the Bill
of Rights to be applied against state actions, not just
federal laws and action.
- Basically, the Supreme Court began interpreting the
14th Amendment "equal protection clause" to mean that
the freedoms of the Bill of Rights could limit state
laws and state actions.
- In this way individual rights were given protection
against state, not just federal actions:
- For example in 1925, Gitlow v. US,
the Supreme Court said that state actions could be
overturned if they limited free speech.
- Brown v. Board, 1954, overturned
Plessy v. Ferguson. Separate facilities are
inherently UNEQUAL.
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 3 |
- Know the cases in Notebook
Assignment #12, and the basic issues involved, and
how the decisions were decided. (This is most of the cases
mentioned in section 3.)
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 4 |
- Know the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Amendments and the
rights they give you and all Americans, and the Supreme
Court cases involved: Miller, Katz, Terry.
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 5 |
- Know your rights in the legal system, that come
to you in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th Amendments, and the
Supreme Court cases involved: Miranda, Gideon,
Sheppard. Also Takings Clause, double
jeopardy, and 5th Amendment protection against
self-incrimination, bail and capital
punishment.
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 6 |
- Know the 9th and 10th Amendments, which have to
do with the right to privacy (9th) and powers the States
have (10th). Know Griswold.
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